J.P. Guilford (1897- 1987) was an American psychologist best remembered for his psychometric study of human intelligence, including the distinction between convergent and divergent production. He was particularly aware of the absence of creativity measures in conventional intelligence tests. His 1950 APA presidential address to the American Psychological Association emphasized the need for more research into the nature of creativity. In that way he played an important role in the increase of creativity research from that moment onwards. During a productive research career that continued for more than six decades, Guilford published over twenty-five books, thirty tests, and 300 journal articles.
Structure of Intellect (SI) theory (1955)
An individual's performance on intelligence tests can be traced back to the underlying mental abilities or factors of intelligence. SI theory comprises up to 180 different intellectual abilities organized along three dimensions: operations, content, and products. The Structure of Intellect Theory advanced by Guilford was applied by Mary Meeker for educational purposes. This theory has had a huge influence on the thinking about intelligence in those years (intelligence is beyond IQ measurement only and not fixed).
Book to read: Way beyond the IQ
More sources: Wikipedia JP Guilford
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